Liquid-fuel burner



Jan. 29, 1924.

E. J, Y. RUTHERFORD LIQUID FUEL BURNER Filed April 20. 1922 5 Sheets-Sheet I.

Jan. 29, 1924.

E. J. Y. RUTHERFORD LIQUID FUEL BURNER Filed April 20. 1922 3- Sheets-Sheet 2 Jan. 29, 1924. 1,482,26

E. J. Y.'RUTHERFORD LIQUID FUEL BURNER Filed April 20. 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 IIIIII Patented Jan. '29, 1924.

tast er EDWARD J. Y. Ru'rrrnaronn, or manta, ENGLAND, assronon r0 saw-sesame orL nominee manner), or rosi'ijoimnivonnnn LIQUID-=FUEL earn-En.

Application m a -limo, 1922; Serial maize-spire.

To (:51 whom it may concern: j

Beit known that I, EDVVABD Jar-ans -YOUN'G 'tu'rnnnronn, a subject or" the King oi Great i tain, and resident of London, England, have invented certain new and useful Linprovements in Liquid-Fuel Burners, of vhich the iollowing is a specification. v This invention has reference toliquid fuel burners and has for object to provide an improved burner installation employing kerosene or other liquid hydrocarbon, especially intended for domestic purposes such asportable cooking stoves, heaters for installation in existing kitchen ranges and the like. The apparatus is of the type inqvhich a discharge of air or steam in proximity to the fuel nozzle, causing the fuel torlow by sue: tion, atomizes and mixes with the fuel, the steam being generated in a coil heated by the flame -from water supplied from a pressure tank or other source.

According to the present invention, the steam delivered to the atorn'izi-ng nozzle is generated in duplex or multiple coil-s,'rings or the like connected in parallel, che -coils being also cross-connected, if desired, at certain points in their length and fconstitrit ing a flash generator; by the expression coils connected in parallel, I intend to cover two or more coils having a con'irnon" connection at the supply point and heing re -united at or before thep'oint of delivery.

The atomizing'burner is provided with regulating means at the tip of the jetfthe latter being displaceable axially within the. air or steam nozzle so that the discharge and suction may be regulated as required. The fuel sucked through the bore of-thejet-rema ns constantly in correct proportion to the atoniizing discharge. llvloreover at starting, the opening of thenozzle maybe increased so as to free the nozzle from any adherent sclic deposit or liquid residues which would otherwise render the operation uncertain. f i

The invention is hereafter described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which -Figure 1 is an elevation of a-n atomizing burner of the vertical type, mounted upon a base containing fuel andwater, the being shown in part section. "Figure 2 i sectional elevation of the burnerand lit: supply tubes. Q

Figure 3 is adetail of the three-way con trolling valve. Figuree shows a form of-burneradapted for'use in a-horizontalpositio1r Figure '5 is a crosssectionon line of Figure 4. r V

Figures6, T and 8 are enlarged zdetai ls o'f the three-way-cock illustrated in Figure 4-. Referring to Figuresland 2, the base comprises two chambers,ot which theupper a contains water :and the lower a contains the fuel; means are provided at et -and at for refilling the two chamber. A hand.- pump 6. of any suitable "kind delivers air under pressure into the chamber a. The body'c of theburner is mounted upon the lease a,=by screwing into a 'pipe b extending. vertically through the base, the top of the pipe presenting a conical seating, as indicated at a Thisburner-body encloses a fuelfjet d which is bored throughout, its length-and eonnected=to aspipe d which passesdowninside the pipe Z2 tora filter b connected-through holes 6 with the fuel chamber. a An external screw cap 6 fi tingupon the projecting lower end of the pipe b allowsaccess to therfi-lt-eialiand to the interior of the pipes 5 cl. The jet/(Z screws from below into the-body 0 and its upper end-2 is e'duced in diameter to provide 'anannu lar space to which steam is suppliedas hereafter described the tip or extremity 4 of thej'et'is taper-edto enter the burner orifice 0- in the construction shown,thisorifioe is formed in a thi1n his 0 movable within a gland 0 in the burnor body, and screwing upon the screw threadedportion of the jet d. Thus'the position of the thinable is adj-usta.ble,for example by means ofan external handle 0 whereby the thimble' can be rotated through a portion of a revolution, the resulting axial travel varying the opening of the orifice c iii-relation to -the jet. A burner-cap 0 may be mounted u-pon the thimb'le to allow thorough mixing of the tuelaand steam before ignition in the atmosphere.

The annular space around the upper end of the jet connects with a steam generator 6, comprising two vertical pipes or branches 6' communicating at diametricallyropposite points with the burner-body c, where they deliver steam through radial passages 5 into the annular space 3. The upper ends oi these branch pipes 6' connect with a tubular ring 6 having two other branches 6 in a plane perpendicular to that of the first branches 6 and connecting with an upper ring a the latter has two other branches 6 in the same vertical plane as the first pair 6, connecting with an outer ring 6 to which water is fed at two diametrically opposite points through a U-shaped connection 6 from a pipe f which extends down into the burner-body'c and is connected by channels in the seating a with a pipe f fitted with a three-way valve"; whereby it communicates either throughorifices 7 with the air-space in the top of the chamber a or through a pipe f with the water-space in this chamber.

At starting, the air in the air-chamber a under the pressure'produced by the pump 6 is allowed to pass through the valve 7 into the pipe 7 and thence through the steam the jet (Z.

generator 6 to the annular space 3 around When the thimble c is raised by means of the handle a it affords anannula-r nozzle opening around the jet-tip 4 through which opening the air escapes, drawing up the fuel from the chamber. a by suction through the jet 0?. The fuel atomized by the air-blast is then ignited above the burner orifice 0, and the steam generator 6 is thereby heated to full temperature.

As soon as the flame is ignited, the valve 77 is gradually rotatedto reduce the air sup- 7 ply and admit water to the generator 6; this water is 'forced up by the internal air-pres sure in the chamber a/ into'the pipe 7 and generator 6, producing steam pressure to maintain the jet and flame in action. When regular action is obtained, theair-valve f? is turned to the working position, completely stopping theair-supply and allowing water to pass freely to'the generator; In order to extinguish the flame, the thimble 0 is dis placed to close the burner orifice c, the steam then blowing back into the water tank and condensing therein.

Instead ofusing air for starting purposes,

a heating trough may be provided around the generator to contain asbestos or the like, which is saturated with methylated spirits in the known manner.

A ch'oketube 6 may be provided to induce air and to shield the feed water heater e 'from direct contact with the flame; a

, flame'spreader 6 mounted above the upper ring '6 may bedomed as shown to extend down towards the'centre of the generator 6.

- Figure 4 represents a second form of conleakage.

struction which is intended more particue larly for position wherethe'flame is to 'be' directed horizontally. V V r In this example, the burner c is adjustabiy mounted by means of a bracket g upon a column 9 and passes into a Venturi-tube in. The column 9 is secured to the water tank a and forms part of the air and water supply system as hereafter described.

The water tank a is provided with a hand pump 6, and a filling orifice (4 as well as a pressure gauge 8 and release valve 9 if desired. The column 9 passes through the top of the reservoir, its lower end being preferably secured to the bottom but with holes or ports 9 to allow access of water to r the interior of the column ;'one or more holes g are also provided 'inthe column near the top of the reservoir to admit; air from the carried to the burner a, being connected preferably'to the rear end of the hollow jetj (Z, and comprlsmg it desired means such as l a coupling-13 to accommodate the slight movement of the jet cl. The latter is reduced at its-forward end 2 and ccned at the exitremity 4 as in the former constructiomthe pointed extremity entering the burner orifice 0. The jet is adjustable by means of the external handle 0 connected to the jet by a peg and'groove device 14- and secured to .a

nutd which screws upon the exterior of the body 0; V A packing gland 15Vis provided around the centre of the jet-to prevent Fuel'is delivered to the pipe d through a regulat ng device. "I prefer-to'arrange the tank a 1n con unctlon with a constant-level feed-bowl 01 supplied by the flowfroin the open mouth 16 of the, inverted tankf The mouth may be fitted with a valve 17 which 7 is held open in the normal posit-ionpbut is closed automatically bya spring a" asjscon as the tank is raised ior refilling or inspec tion. A needle valve or the like a also be fitted for adjusting the flow otii'uel;

The burner bodyc is. held .as shown in V Figure 5, by the dividedfiange if of aVen- V turi-tube it carried byi the bracket'g; This tube-'fittlng has also a central external flange it" for attachmentto theprotectingplate/t V V which covers the front of the grate orthe like. From the lower front end of the 'Venturi tube therei projects a' plate or jib 11?,

"- ple two, coiled helically'upon a conical or other suitable pitch surfaceand connected at the rear end to a 'pipe 6 which extends to the burner Communicates with the annular spacearound the reduced forwardend 2 of the jet cl. At the front end'of the steam generator, the pipes are cohnectedto a water pipe 7 which extends beneath the jib'h and communicates with thecontrol cock 7;. The coilsof the steamgenerator e'may'bei'crossconnected at points in their length if so desired.

In the arrangement illustrated, the controlling cook a is located atthe upperend of the column 9, and the water pipe f is connected to the port 71' (see Figure 7.). The other ports 2' and i of the eock'communicate respectively the one with the interior of the column and thusthrough theholesg with the air-space above the water in the tank, the other i "witha pipe 6* extending down inside the column 9 to near the bot- 7 tom of the tank. The cover-plate i of the valve 2' (see Figure 8) has a recess or passage 21 whereby the port 91 can be connected with either or both of the ports 71 i In the starting position shown in Figure 6, air under pressure is passed through the ports 2' a" to the pipe 7 and vapourizer e the resulting suction upon the jet 0? producing a flow of fuel which is atomized by the aiii blast and may be ignitedat the mouth of the Venturi-tube if. The control valve is then rotated to'bring the port 71 gradually into action, thereby delivering water through thepipes 2' and f to the generator (2. As soon as sufficient heat is attained, the control valve may be turned to the normal running position, when the air supply through the port 71 is shut off and only water is delivered to the steam generator.

The flame can then be regulated by means of the handle 0 which adjusts the opening of the air-nozzle and therefore also the flow of fuel in acorresponding proportion.

it will be understood that instead of employing a separate water tank, any ordinary Water-main or service pipe may be used to supply water to the steam generating coils; air for starting purposes may then be provided by any suitable pumping means or storage vessel, or a heating trough may be employed for generating steam in the first place.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is s 1. A liquid fuel burner, comprising a nozzle, a fuel jet within said nozzle, suction controlled means for supplying fuel to said jet, and a flash generator adapted to be heated by the burner, said generator having a 'plurality of symmetrically disposed branches of equal length cross-connectedat points intheir length and being adapted to supply steamvto said nozzle so asto produce suction around said-fuel jet.

2. A liquid fuel burner, comprising a base, fuel and water reservoirs in. saidbase, means for compressing air'above the water in one of said reservoirs, a burner-body mount-ed upon said base, a flash generator mounted above said burner-body, said generator affording :a plurality of equal paths for balancing the flow of liquid, a fuel jet within said body, means for applying fu'el from the other of said reservoirs by suction tosaid fuel jet,a burner nozzle mounted in said bodyand surrounding said jet, said jet and nozzle being arranged coaxially andidisplaceable' in relation to one another, said jet regulating the opening through said nozzle by such displacement, mean for controlling the supply "of air and-of water from the first of said reservoirs'to said flash generator, and means for delive *ing fluid from said generator to said nozzle around said fuel jet.

3. A liquid fuel burner, comprising a nozzle, a fuel jet arranged axially within said nozzle, said jet being displaceable relatively to said nozzle and regulating the opening therethrough,,and a flash generator adapted to "be heated by the burner, said generator including coaxially disposed annular tubes, symmetrically disposed connections between. successive pairs of said tubes, connections to one. of said annular tubes from a water supply, and connections from another of said annular tubes to said nozzle around said jet.

4. A liquid fuel burner, comprising a base, fuel and water reservoirs in said base, means for compressing air above the water in one of said reservoirs, a. tube extending down through said reservoirs and communicating with the other of said reservoirs, a burner-body, screwing into the upper end of said tube, a fuel jet within said body, a pipe connecting the bore of said jet with the fuel reservoir, a burner-nozzle rota-tably mounted in said burner-body, means for displacing said nozzle in relation to said fuel jet, said nozzle having a burner orifice aligned with said'jet, the opening of said burner orifice being regulated by the relation With'a fuel nozzle and an atomizing nozzle, by Which steam i delivered in proximity to the fuel nozzle, to produce suction of fuel through said fuel 'nozzle, of multiple coils of equal length and dimensions connected in parallel to constitute a flash generator.

6. ln a liquid fuel burner, the combination With'a fuel nozzle and an atomizing nozzle, by which steam is delivered in proximity to the fuel nozzle, of multiple coils of equal length and dimensions connected in parallel and also cross-connected at points in their length to constitute a flash generator. V I

7. In a liquid fuel burne nthecombination with a fuel nozzle and an atomizing nozzle, by which steam is delivered in proximity to the fuel nozzle, of a plural ty of coils extending and interconnected symmetrically to provide balanced paths for the flow of fluid, said coils constituting a flash generator. i

8. In a liquid fuel burner,- the combination With a fuel nozzle and an atomizing nozzle by Which steam is delivered in proximity to the fuel nozzle, of a flash generator comprising coaxially disposed annular tubes, symmetrically disposed con nections between successive pairs of said tubes, a. flame spreader integral with one of said annular tubes, connection to one of said tubes from aWater supply, and connections from another of said tubes to said atomizingr nozzle.

9. Ina liquid-fuel burner, the combination With a fuel nozzle and an atomizing nozzle by which steam is delivered in proximity to the fuel nozzle, of a flash generator omprlsing aflame spreader and vaporizing means integra 'Wltl'lsaid flame spreader said vaporizing means including a plurality of fluid passages arranged in parallel and interconnected at point in their length to afford a balancing action and prevent surging of the steam supply to said atomizing -nozzle.- V

In testimony whereof'lhereunto affix my signature. V f I r EDWARD J. Y. RUTHERFORD. 

